Abstract: Nanomers formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a nanoclay, with a surface treatment to sorb (intercalate) the surface treatment between adjacent nanoclay layers. Sufficient polymer is absorbed between adjacent nanolayers to expand them at least 5 Å, and up to a distance of 100 Å, so that the Nanomer will exfoliate into individual platelets. A monovalent, divalent and/or trivalent cation is added to the composition resulting in surprising increases in viscosity. The Nanomer can be combined with an organic liquid to form an unexpectedly viscous carrier material for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound, e.g., a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, or lubricant. Alternatively, the Nanomer can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid.